What is a key focus of scientifically based reading research?

The correct answer emphasizes the importance of empirical research that has undergone rigorous evaluation and validation by scientific panels. Scientifically based reading research is grounded in systematic investigation and experimentation with clear methodologies that yield reliable and valid findings. This type of research ensures that the conclusions drawn about reading practices and strategies are supported by robust data and can be replicated, which is crucial for developing effective reading instruction.

In contrast to anecdotal evidence, which relies on personal accounts or experiences without systematic study, empirically validated research provides a solid foundation for understanding effective reading instruction. Common practices in school learning may not always be evidence-based; thus, they can vary widely and might not reflect the most effective strategies identified through scientifically grounded research. While phonics is an important aspect of reading instruction, the scope of scientifically based reading research encompasses much more than just phonics, including comprehension strategies, vocabulary development, and fluency, making it a comprehensive field of study.