What does phonology refer to?

Phonology refers specifically to the study of speech sounds, which encompasses how sounds function in particular languages as well as the rules governing their combination and pronunciation. It involves understanding the abstract, mental representations of sounds in our minds and how they are organized in spoken language. This concept is crucial for recognizing how different sounds can change meaning in communication.

It is distinct from other areas, such as the structure of written language, which pertains to orthography and grammar, or the relationship between letters and their sounds, which falls under the umbrella of phonics. While semantics deals with the meaning of words, phonology focuses exclusively on the sounds themselves, making it vital for developing reading and pronunciation skills. Understanding phonology is essential for educators in teaching students about the sounds that form the foundation of language.