Graphophonemic knowledge specifically refers to knowledge about:

Graphophonemic knowledge is fundamentally about understanding the relationships between letters (graphemes) and the sounds they represent (phonemes). This knowledge is crucial for developing reading skills as it enables learners to decode words—by blending sounds associated with letters to form words and comprehend text. It plays a significant role in teaching phonics and spelling, essentially serving as the bridge between written language and spoken language.

Understanding that different letters or combinations of letters produce specific sounds helps learners recognize patterns in words, which is essential for reading fluency and comprehension. Therefore, this knowledge is a foundational aspect of reading development, distinguishing it from other areas such as vocabulary (the meaning of words), syntax (the structure of sentences), or semantics (the context in which words are used).